Former Hannah Footwear Factory (East Building) 1940
East Building
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Constructed
1940 - 1940
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Architect(s)
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Builder(s)
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A 1940s inner-city warehouse/factory converted for residential use. The building is noted for its functionalist industrial design, and a 1987 NZIA award-winning rooftop addition.
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Downloadable(s)
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History
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The former Hannah Footwear Factory at 5 Eva Street was built in 1940 for the boot and shoe manufacturing and retailing business founded by Robert Hannah. The building, constructed after the founder’s death, was part of a significant collection of light-commercial warehouse buildings constructed in the Cuba, Leeds, and Eva Street block – many of which have an association with the Hannah family.
Robert Hannah (1845-1930) was born in County Antrim, Ireland. He was apprenticed as a boot-maker and immigrated to Australia when he was 18, but soon moved to New Zealand in the early 1860s. The West Coast of the South Island was then in the middle of the gold rush, and Hannah settled in Charleston, collecting enough money to open his first boot-making shop in 1868. In 1873, as gold mining was in decline, he moved to Wellington. Robert Hannah died in 1930, by which time the company had 19 branches in the North Island and 11 in the South Island.
He opened his first shop on Lambton Quay in 1874, its success leading to further branches in Cuba Street in 1879 (along with a factory) and later in Molesworth and Willis Streets. He married Hannah Ferguson (1852-1928) in 1875 and went on to have eight children. Robert was assisted in his business by his younger brother William who arrived in New Zealand in 1879. The company continued to expand and by the late 1890s there were 10 stores in the North Island. The first factory in Wellington was on the top floor of Hannah’s Cuba Street premises, but as the company grew this space soon became too small to be functional. A new factory was built on the land behind the Lambton Quay store and employed 124 people making 3000 pairs of boots, making up about half of the boot trade at the time. By 1908 business was still good, and a combined factory/warehouse was built behind the Cuba Street premises. In 1923 the company built another large factory/offices facing Vivian Street (now between Eva and Leeds Streets). This factory was designed by H.T. Johns and is also heritage listed (WCC ref 16/ 109).
In 1922 the company purchased property in the area straddling Leeds and Eva Streets but it was not until 1940 that this building was constructed on the site. The new building was designed by Francis Swan of Lawrence and Swan and built by contractor A. Lemmon at an estimated cost of £17, 000. The building was completed shortly after the outbreak of World War II. Following the arrival of American forces in 1942, one of the Hannah’s buildings was commandeered for use by the troops stationed in the city, but the exact location is unknown. By the 1950s and 60s, Hannah’s footwear production had slowed - due in part to the rise of shoe imports. By the mid 1950s, vacant floors of the Eva Street factory were available for rent, including to top floor which was leased by the Japanese Embassy. In 1969, presumably to allow wider office use, alterations were made to parts of the building to the value of $4,500.
Eventually, Hannah’s decided to end footwear production in its Wellington factories, and in 1985 considerable demolition of the interior of the factory was undertaken as preparatory work for conversion to offices, which took place in 1986/87. This also included the addition of a new roof, with gables and pediments on a new sixth storey.
By this time the building had become known as Hannah’s head office and a new building, designed by Athfield Architects, was erected by Hannah’s to the immediate west of the 1940 building.
In 1997, the properties (by now amalgamated in one title) were bought by Dixon Street Holdings Ltd. The 1923 factory was converted into apartments. In 1999 a similar exercise was undertaken on the 1940 building with architects Melling Morse designing the conversion of floors 5 and 6 into apartments. Permit details for the rest of the building could not be located, but it can be presumed that the apartments on floors 1-4 as well as office space on the ground floor took place at a similar time.
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Modifications
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1940 - 1940
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5 Eva Street, factory (00056:246:B20474)
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1943 - 1943
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5 Eva Street, raid shelter (00056:283:B22737)
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1951 - 1951
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5 Eva Street, office alterations (00056:405:B31181)
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1952 - 1952
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5 Eva Street, ground floor alterations (00056:423:B32386)
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1969 - 1969
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5 Eva Street, office alterations (00058:620:C28971)
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1985 - 1985
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1 Eva Street [5 Eva Street], office Building, stage 1 (00059:0:D2038)
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1985 - 1985
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1 Eva Street [5 Eva Street], demolition (00059:0:D21410)
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1986 - 1986
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1 Eva Street [5 Eva Street], refurbish office building, stage 1 (00059:5:D2650)
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1986 - 1986
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1 Eva Street [5 Eva Street], refurbish office building, stage 2 (00059:34:D4296)
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1987 - 1987
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5 Eva Street [97 Cuba Street], commercial offices redevelopment (00059:74:D5658)
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1998 - 1998
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5 Eva Street, apartment, level 4 (00078:322:40660)
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1998 - 1998
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97 Cuba Street [5 Eva Street], conversion to ten apartments (00078:164:35346)
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1999 - 1999
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97 Cuba Street [5 Eva Street], twelve apartments, levels 2 and 3 (00078:328:54937)
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1999 - 1999
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5 Eva Street, apartments, level 5 and 6 (00078:329:56813)
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1999 - 1999
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97 Cuba Street [5 Eva Street], twelve apartments, levels 2 and 3, amendment (00078:461:55988)
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1999 - 1999
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97 Cuba Street [5 Eva Street], twelve apartments, levels 2 and 3, amendment (00078:461:55988)
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1999 - 1999
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97 Cuba Street [5 Eva Street], twelve apartments, levels 2 and 3, amendment (00078:461:59650)
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1999 - 1999
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5 Eva Street, level 6, unit 40/41 fit-out (00078:514:49035)
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2009 - 2009
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5 Eva Street, Robert Hannah Building, new structural post to ground and first floor and foundation below (00078:3387:200988)
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2009 - 2009
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5 Eva Street, removal of staircase (078:3798:200853)
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Occupation History
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Not assessed
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Architectural Information
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Building Classification(s)
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Not assessed
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Architecture
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The building was designed by Francis Swan of Swan, Lawrence, and Swan and has much in common with American daylight factories of the 1900s and 1910s.
The exterior of this steel and reinforced concrete building is a good representative example of a commercial warehouse from the period. It is five storeys high with an additional floor, partially covering the original roof top, erected in 1986/7. It is five bays of equal width in length, running east-west, and four bays, the end bays half the width of the middle ones, running north-south. Within most of the bays a very large factory window rests upon an exposed brick panel. The basic frame of the building is covered in cement render.
The north facing elevation was originally without windows but the 1987 development introduced some fenestration at the fourth floor. The third floor windows and cut away balcony on this elevation most likely date from the 1999 apartment conversion.
On the south wall is an open steel fire escape, and a glazed gabled canopy over the original loading platform. The north and east elevations abut the adjacent buildings, while the west is partially obscured by the glazed over bridge. The south elevation is the most visible. The buildings gabled rood with the ridge running east-west originally had blank gable ends but the west end was glazed in 1987 to light the penthouse level addition.
The rooftop addition attempts to harmonise with the symmetry of the principle elevations. However, its pedimental, cross gabled form is quite at odds with the predominantly rectilinear nature of the original composition, as are the round headed windows within it.
The interior of the building originally had four floors of factory space over a ground floor store. Each floor was open plan, with a men’s lunchroom and toilets on the second floor, and the same for women on the third floor. Egress was provided by stairs in the northwest and northeast corners of the building and an elevator set in the middle of the north wall. The 1987 alterations included the removal of both staircases and repositioning of the west entrance to the second bay along from the north west corner. This entry is repeated at the first through fourth floors by an over bridge. A new roof structure was required at this time to cover the additional fifth floor. Offices and staff facilities were installed on the ground, fourth, and fifth floors, but the other levels appear to have remained open.
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Materials
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Reinforced concrete
Steel
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Setting
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The former Hannah’s Footwear Factory is located on the east side of Eva Street, which links Dixon Street with Vivian Street via Leeds Street. It is linked via a four storey glazed over bridge to a 1987 head office extension designed by one of New Zealand’s leading contemporary architectural practices, Athfield Architects. The Hannah precinct of offices and industrial buildings is surrounded on all sides by medium rise commercial buildings in a long established part of the central business district.
It is a part of a complex of buildings that were built for the Hannah’s Footwear Company, of which the larger 1922-23 factory is also a heritage listed building (16, 109). This larger building faces onto Leeds Street and onto the adjoining car park/courtyard of the 1940s building (WCC ref 16/ 410).
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Building Classification(s)
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Cultural Value
5 Eva Street is a good representative example of a 1940s inner-city warehouse/factory that has been converted for residential use. The building is notable for its functionalist industrial design, and has a 1987 NZIA award winning rooftop addition.
This building is historically significant for its role as part of the Hannah complex of shops, factories, and offices that once dominated the centre of Te Aro. R. Hannah and Co. was one of the country’s most successful footwear manufacturers and retailers, and dominated the footwear market for over 100 years.
This building has group value for its relationship to a precinct of buildings erected by Robert Hannah and Company. The buildings have been grouped together to form a distinct pattern of lanes and courtyards.
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Aesthetic Value
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Architectural
Does the item have architectural or artistic value for characteristics that may include its design, style, era, form, scale, materials, colour, texture, patina of age, quality of space, craftsmanship, smells, and sounds?
5 Eva Street is a good representative example of a 1940s inner-city warehouse/factory that has been converted for residential use. The building is notable for its functionalist design style and gains much of its aesthetic value from the regular modular grid-pattern of its beams, columns and window fenestration. It has a 1987 NZIA award winning rooftop addition.
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Group
Is the item part of a group of buildings, structures, or sites that taken together have coherence because of their age, history, style, scale, materials, or use?
This building has group value for its relationship to a precinct of buildings erected by Robert Hannah and Company. The buildings have been grouped together to form a distinct pattern of lanes and courtyards.
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Townscape
Does the item have townscape value for the part it plays in defining a space or street; providing visual interest; its role as a landmark; or the contribution it makes to the character and sense of place of Wellington?
This building has townscape value for the contribution it makes to the precinct of narrow lanes and light industrial buildings around Leeds and Eva streets. This are has been developed into a semi-private pedestrian enclave.
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Historic Value
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Association
Is the item associated with an important person, group, or organisation?
This building is historically significant for its role as part of the Hannah complex of shops, factories, and offices that once dominated the centre of Te Aro. R. Hannah and Co. was one of the country’s most successful footwear manufacturers and retailers, and dominated the footwear market for over 100 years.
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Social Value
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Identity - Sense Of Place - Continuity
Is the item a focus of community, regional, or national identity? Does the item contribute to sense of place or continuity?
This building is part of a group of historic commercial buildings which contribute to the sense of place and continuity of the Eva and Leeds Street warehouse precinct.
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Public Esteem
Is the item held in high public esteem?
This building is well known as a part of the Hannah Factory residential complex, and is on a well-used pedestrian route through the city.
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Level of Cultural Heritage Significance
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Authentic
Does the item have authenticity or integrity because it retains significant fabric from the time of its construction or from later periods when important additions or modifications were carried out?
The exterior of this building retains much of its original built fabric, and has had few intrusive modern alterations or additions. The interior has been significantly altered and has less integrity.
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Representative
Is the item a good example of the class it represents?
This building is a good representative of mid-twentieth century functionalist industrial design. It was constructed in materials and using techniques that were common to the period.
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Importance
Is the item important for any of the above characteristics at a local, regional, national, or international level?
This building is locally significant due to its associations with the Hannah’s Footwear Company; the role that it plays in the townscape; its group value; and as a representative example of mid-twentieth century functionalist industrial factory that was designed by a prominent Wellington architectural practice.
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Local / Regional / National / International Importance
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Not assessed
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Aesthetic Value
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Site Detail
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District Plan Number
12/ 410
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Legal Description
Lot 2 DP 86538
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Heritage New Zealand Listed
Not listed
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Archaeological Site
NZAA Central City Archaeological Area R27/270
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Current Uses
unknown
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Former Uses
unknown
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Has building been funded
No
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Funding Amount
Not applicable
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Earthquake Prone Status
Not Earthquake Prone
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Additional Information
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Sources
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- Kelly, Michael, and Ann McEwan. ‘Former Hannah’s Footwear Factory – 5 Eva Street.’ Wellington City Council: Unpublished report, prepared for Plan Change 58. 2007.
- Wellington City Council. Wellington Heritage Building Inventory 2001: Non-Residential Buildings. Wellington City Council, 2001.
- Wellington City Archive: 00056:246:B20474; 00056:283:B22737; 00056:405:B31181; 00056:423:B32386; 00058:620:C28971; 00059:0:D2038; 00059:0:D21410; 00059:5:D2650; 00059:34:D4296; 00059:74:D5658; 00078:322:40660; 00078:164:35346; 00078:328:54937; 00078:329:56813; 00078:461:55988; 00078:461:59650; 00078:514:49035; 00078:3387:200988; 078:3798:200853
- Technical Documentation close
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Footnotes
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Not available
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Sources
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Last updated: 11/24/2016 3:15:32 AM